Java Interview Questions 41

201. How many ways can an argument be passed to a subroutine and explain them?-
Ans. An argument can be passed in two ways. They are passing by value and passing
by reference. Passing by value: This method copies the value of an argument into
the formal parameter of the subroutine. Passing by reference: In this method, a
reference to an argument (not the value of the argument) is passed to the
parameter.

202. What is the difference between an argument and a parameter?
Ans. While defining method, variables passed in the method are called parameters.
While using those methods, values passed to those variables are called arguments.

203. What are different types of access modifiers?
Ans. public: Any thing declared as public can be accessed from anywhere. private:
Any thing declared as private can’t be seen outside of its class. protected: Any
thing declared as protected can be accessed by classes in the same package and
subclasses in the other packages. default modifier : Can be accessed only to
classes in the same package.

204. What is final, finalize() and finally?
Ans. final : final keyword can be used for class, method and variables. A final
class cannot be subclassed and it prevents other programmers from subclassing a
secure class to invoke insecure methods. A final method can’t be overridden. A
final variable can’t change from its initialized value. finalize() : finalize()
method is used just before an object is destroyed and can be called just prior to
garbage collection. finally : finally, a key word used in exception handling,
creates a block of code that will be executed after a try/catch block has completed
and before the code following the try/catch block. The finally block will execute
whether or not an exception is thrown. For example, if a method opens a file upon
exit, then you will not want the code that closes the file to be bypassed by the
exception-handling mechanism. This finally keyword is designed to address this
contingency.

205. What is UNICODE?-
Ans. Unicode is used for internal representation of characters and strings and it
uses 16 bits to represent each other.