Struts Interview Questions 1

1: What is Struts?
A: The core of the Struts framework is a flexible control layer based on
standard technologies like Java Servlets, JavaBeans, ResourceBundles, and XML,
as well as various Jakarta Commons packages. Struts encourages application
architectures based on the Model 2 approach, a variation of the classic
Model-View-Controller (MVC) design paradigm.
Struts provides its own Controller component and integrates with other
technologies to provide the Model and the View. For the Model, Struts can
interact with standard data access technologies, like JDBC and EJB, as well as
most any third-party packages, like Hibernate, iBATIS, or Object Relational
Bridge. For the View, Struts works well with JavaServer Pages, including JSTL
and JSF, as well as Velocity Templates, XSLT, and other presentation systems.
The Struts framework provides the invisible underpinnings every professional
web application needs to survive. Struts helps you create an extensible
development environment for your application, based on published standards and
proven design patterns.

2: What is Jakarta Struts Framework?
A: Jakarta Struts is open source implementation of MVC
(Model-View-Controller) pattern for the development of web based applications.
Jakarta Struts is robust architecture and can be used for the development of
application of any size. Struts framework makes it much easier to design
scalable, reliable Web applications with Java.

3: What is ActionServlet?
A: The class org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet is the called the
ActionServlet. In the the Jakarta Struts Framework this class plays the role of
controller. All the requests to the server goes through the controller.
Controller is responsible for handling all the requests.

4: How you will make available any Message Resources Definitions file to
the Struts Framework Environment?
A: T Message Resources Definitions file are simple .properties files and
these files contains the messages that can be used in the struts project.
Message Resources Definitions files can be added to the struts-config.xml file
through <message-resources /> tag.
Example:
<message-resources parameter=\"MessageResources\" />.

5: What is Action Class?
A: The Action Class is part of the Model and is a wrapper around the
business logic. The purpose of Action Class is to translate the
HttpServletRequest to the business logic. To use the Action, we need to
Subclass and overwrite the execute() method. In the Action Class all the
database/business processing are done. It is advisable to perform all the
database related stuffs in the Action Class. The ActionServlet (commad) passes
the parameterized class to Action Form using the execute() method. The return
type of the execute method is ActionForward which is used by the Struts
Framework to forward the request to the file as per the value of the returned
ActionForward object.